Family vacation: Madagascar, 2013
It is hard to find a season in Madagascar less appropriate for collecting than July, which is precizely when we went there for a family vacation. The Northwest is in the middle of a brutal dry season, with all Urania many months gone. At that time, the Eastern rainforest in the middle of winter, with the emergence of Argemma moths still months away. Despite that, I was able to collect a few specimens. Just two endemic species made the whole trip worthwhile. Junonia rhadama (above) is the kind of butterfly that you only read about, but never quite believe it is real, until you catch one yourself. The greatest treasure, of course, is the huge (12 cm std. wing span) Pharmacophagus antenor (see below). Here is what Adalbert Seitz wrote about this creature in 1925:
"... The history of this magnificent species is very singular. Like antimachus it was first described and figured by the English collector D. Drury in his work 'Illustrations of Natural History'. Drury did not know the habitat of antenor and even in 1836 Boisduval had seen no specimen of this species, but reported that according to Hope it was a native of Timbuktu in the Western Sudan. Not until much later was it known that antenor inhabits Madagascar, where it only occurs on the west and south coasts, but not in the primeval forest region. antenor is allied to the East Indian Aristolochia Papilios and is one of the many proofs that the fauna of South Asia is more closely connected with the fauna of Madagascar than with that of the African continent."
Superfamily Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802
Family Papilionidae Latreille, 1809
Subfamily Papilioninae Latreille, 1802
Tribe Papilionini Latreille, [1802]
Papilio Linnaeus, 1758
Papilio (Princeps) Hübner, [1807]
![AZ13-0464R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0464R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0464V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0464V_small.jpeg)
P. d. demodocus Esper, 1799 → GBIF
♂ 74mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Troidini Ford, 1944
Subtribe Troidina Talbot 1939
Pharmacophagus Haase, 1891
![AZ13-0395R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0395R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0395V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0395V_small.jpeg)
P. antenor (Drury, [1773]) (Papilio) → GBIF
♂ 111mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0463R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0463R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0463V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0463V_small.jpeg)
P. antenor (Drury, [1773]) (Papilio) → GBIF
♂ 102mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Family Pieridae Duponchel, [1835]
Subfamily Pierinae Swainson, 1820
Tribe Pierini Swainson, 1820
Belenois Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0330R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0330R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0330V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0330V_small.jpeg)
B. helcida (Boisduval, 1833) (Pieris) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Mylothris Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0324R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0324R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0324V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0324V_small.jpeg)
M. phileris (Boisduval, 1833) (Pieris) → GBIF
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Appiadina Kuznetsov, 1929
Appias Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0325R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0325R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0325V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0325V_small.jpeg)
A. sabina confusa (Butler, 1872) (Belenois) → [GBIF]
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Colotini
Colotis Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0478R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0478R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0478V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0478V_small.jpeg)
C. evanthe (Boisduval, 1836) (Anthocharis) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0484R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0484R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0484V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0484V_small.jpeg)
C. evanthe (Boisduval, 1836) (Anthocharis) → GBIF
♂
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0485R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0485R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0485V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0485V_small.jpeg)
C. evanthe (Boisduval, 1836) (Anthocharis) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0470R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0470R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0470V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0470V_small.jpeg)
C. mananhari (Ward, 1870) (Pieris) → GBIF
♂
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0481R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0481R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0481V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0481V_small.jpeg)
C. mananhari (Ward, 1870) (Pieris) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ14-0258R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ14-0258R_small.jpeg)
![AZ14-0258V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ14-0258V_small.jpeg)
C. spec.
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Coliadinae Swainson, 1826
Tribe Coliadini Swainson, 1826
Catopsilia Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0465R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0465R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0465V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0465V_small.jpeg)
C. thauruma (Reakirt, 1866) (Callidryas) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0496R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0496R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0496V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0496V_small.jpeg)
C. thauruma (Reakirt, 1866) (Callidryas) → GBIF
♀
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Euremini Grote, 1898
Terias Swainson, [1821]
![AZ13-0307R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0307R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0307V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0307V_small.jpeg)
T. brigitta pulchella (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0308R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0308R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0308V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0308V_small.jpeg)
T. d. desjardinsii (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
♀
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0310R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0310R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0310V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0310V_small.jpeg)
T. d. desjardinsii (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
♂
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0497R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0497R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0497V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0497V_small.jpeg)
T. ? d. desjardinsii (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
♀
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0309R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0309R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0309V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0309V_small.jpeg)
T. f. floricola (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
♂
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0460R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0460R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0460V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0460V_small.jpeg)
T. ? f. floricola (Boisduval, 1833) (Xanthidia) → GBIF
♂
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0306R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0306R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0306V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0306V_small.jpeg)
T. ? hapale (Mabille, 1882$) (Terial) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Family Nymphalidae Swainson, 1827
Subfamily Danainae Boisduval, 1833
Tribe Danaini Boisduval, 1833
Subtribe Danaina Boisduval, [1833]
Danaus Kluk 1802
Danaus (Anosia) Hübner, 1816
![AZ13-0467R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0467R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0467V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0467V_small.jpeg)
D. chrysippus orientis (Aurivillius, 1909) (Danaida) → GBIF
♂ 64mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Charaxinae Guenée, 1865
Tribe Charaxini Guenée, 1865
Charaxes Ochsenheimer 1816
candiope species-group
![AZ13-0486R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0486R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0486V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0486V_small.jpeg)
C. antamboulou Lucas, 1872 → GBIF
♀ 65mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Satyrinae Boisduval, 1833
Tribe Melanitini Reuter, 1896
Melanitis Fabricius 1807
![AZ13-0466R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0466R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0466V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0466V_small.jpeg)
M. leda africana Fruhstorfer, 1908 → GBIF
♀ 61mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0468R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0468R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0468V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0468V_small.jpeg)
M. leda africana Fruhstorfer, 1908 → GBIF
ff. dsf ♂ 57mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Satyrini Boisduval, 1833
Subtribe Mycalesina Reuter, 1896
Heteropsis Westwood 1850
![AZ13-0391R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0391R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0391V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0391V_small.jpeg)
H. aff. pauper (Oberthür, 1916) (Culapa) → GBIF
ff. pseudonarcissus ♂ 39mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ23-0080R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ23-0080R_small.jpeg)
![AZ23-0080V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ23-0080V_small.jpeg)
H. pallida (Oberthür, 1916) (Culapa) → GBIF
♂ 34mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0398R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0398R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0398V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0398V_small.jpeg)
H. aff. ankova (Ward, 1870) (Mycalesis) → GBIF
♂ 34mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0382R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0382R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0382V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0382V_small.jpeg)
H. cf. andasibe Lees, 2003 → GBIF
♀ 39mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0397R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0397R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0397V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0397V_small.jpeg)
H. cf. andasibe Lees, 2003 → GBIF
♂ 34mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Ypthimina Reuter, 1896
Strabena Mabille 1877
![AZ13-0396R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0396R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0396V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0396V_small.jpeg)
S. andilabe Paulian, 1951 → GBIF
♂ 32mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0300R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0300R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0300V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0300V_small.jpeg)
S. daphne Viette, 1971 → GBIF
♂ 32mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Heliconiinae Swainson, 1822
Tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833
Telchinia Hübner 1819
Telchinia (Telchinia) Hübner, 1819
![AZ13-0313R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0313R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0313V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0313V_small.jpeg)
T. e. encedon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Papilio) → GBIF
♂ 42mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0314R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0314R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0314V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0314V_small.jpeg)
T. e. encedon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Papilio) → GBIF
♂ 45mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0320R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0320R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0320V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0320V_small.jpeg)
T. e. encedon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Papilio) → GBIF
ff. lycia ♂ 43mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0328R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0328R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0328V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0328V_small.jpeg)
T. serena (Fabricius, 1775) (Papilio) → GBIF
♂ 36mm
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Telchinia (Auracraea) Henning, 1993
![AZ13-0322R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0322R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0322V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0322V_small.jpeg)
T. calida (Butler, 1878) (Acraea) → GBIF
♀ 46mm
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0311R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0311R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0311V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0311V_small.jpeg)
T. zitja (Boisduval, 1833) (Acraea) → GBIF
♂ 37mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0312R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0312R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0312V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0312V_small.jpeg)
T. zitja (Boisduval, 1833) (Acraea) → GBIF
♀ 46mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Vagrantini Pinratana & Eliot, 1996
Phalanta Horsfield 1829
![AZ13-0469R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0469R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0469V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0469V_small.jpeg)
P. madagascariensis (Mabille, 1887) (Atella) → GBIF
♂ 47mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Limenitidinae Behr, 1864
Tribe Adoliadini Doubleday, 1845
Aterica Boisduval 1833
![AZ13-0327R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0327R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0327V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0327V_small.jpeg)
A. rabena Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
♂
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0495R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0495R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0495V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0495V_small.jpeg)
A. rabena Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
♀
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Neptini Newman, 1870
Neptis Fabricius 1807
melicerta species-group
![AZ13-0326R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0326R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0326V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0326V_small.jpeg)
N. kikideli (Boisduval, 1833) (Limenitis) → GBIF
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Biblidinae Boisduval, 1833
Tribe Biblidini Boisduval, 1833
Byblia Hübner 1819
![AZ13-0477R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0477R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0477V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0477V_small.jpeg)
B. a. anvatara (Boisduval, 1833) (Hypanis) → GBIF
♂ 42mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Eunicini Reuter, 1896
Sevenia Kocak 1996
![AZ13-0482R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0482R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0482V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0482V_small.jpeg)
S. howensis (Staudinger, 1886) (Crenis) → GBIF
♂ 42mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Cyrestinae Guenée, 1865
Cyrestis Boisduval 1832
![AZ13-0319R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0319R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0319V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0319V_small.jpeg)
C. camillus elegans Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
♀ 46mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Nymphalinae Rafinesque, 1815
Tribe Nymphalini Rafinesque, 1815
Vanessa Fabricius 1807
![AZ13-0304R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0304R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0304V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0304V_small.jpeg)
V. cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) (Papilio) → GBIF
♀ 51mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Junoniini Reuter,1896
Junonia Hübner 1819
![AZ13-0302R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0302R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0302V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0302V_small.jpeg)
J. orithya madagascariensis Guenée, 1865 → GBIF
♀ 39mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0323R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0323R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0323V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0323V_small.jpeg)
J. oenone epiclelia (Boisduval, 1833) (Vanessa) → GBIF
♂ 34mm
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0476R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0476R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0476V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0476V_small.jpeg)
J. oenone epiclelia (Boisduval, 1833) (Vanessa) → GBIF
♂ 37mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0329R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0329R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0329V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0329V_small.jpeg)
J. rhadama (Boisduval, 1833) (Vanessa) → GBIF
♂ 49mm
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0498R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0498R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0498V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0498V_small.jpeg)
J. rhadama (Boisduval, 1833) (Vanessa) → GBIF
♂ 44mm
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0305R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0305R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0305V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0305V_small.jpeg)
J. goudoti (Boisduval, 1833) (Vanessa) → GBIF
♂ 43mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Precis Hübner 1819
![AZ13-0301R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0301R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0301V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0301V_small.jpeg)
P. andremiaja Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
♂ 44mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0303R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0303R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0303V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0303V_small.jpeg)
P. andremiaja Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
♀ 52mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815
Subfamily Theclinae Swainson, 1831
Tribe Theclini Swainson, 1830
Subtribe Hypolycaenina
Hemiolaus Aurivillius, 1922
![AZ13-0479R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0479R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0479V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0479V_small.jpeg)
H. ceres (Hewitson, 1865) (Myrina) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0490R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0490R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0490V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0490V_small.jpeg)
H. ceres (Hewitson, 1865) (Myrina) → GBIF
♂
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Deudorigini Doherty, 1886
Section Deudorix Hewitson, 1863
Deudorix Hewitson, 1863
![AZ13-0488R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0488R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0488V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0488V_small.jpeg)
D. antalus (Hopffer, 1855) (Dipsas) → GBIF
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0499R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0499R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0499V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0499V_small.jpeg)
D. ? antalus (Hopffer, 1855) (Dipsas) → GBIF
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Polyommatinae Swainson, 1827
Tribe Polyommatini Swainson, 1827
Subtribe Lycaenopsina
Eicochrysops Bethune-Baker, 1924
![AZ13-0387R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0387R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0387V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0387V_small.jpeg)
E. hippocrates (Fabricius, 1793) (Hesperia) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Zizulina
Zizula Chapman, 1910
![AZ13-0480R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0480R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0480V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0480V_small.jpeg)
Z. hylax (Fabricius, 1775) (Papilio) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
ID by M Bippus
Subtribe Leptotina
Leptotes Scudder, 1876
![AZ13-0400R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0400R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0400V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0400V_small.jpeg)
L. rabefaner (Mabille, 1877) (Lycaena) → GBIF
Ankarafantsika, Mahajanga
Lat: -16.27227, Lon: 46.8109 (10.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0489R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0489R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0489V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0489V_small.jpeg)
L. rabefaner (Mabille, 1877) (Lycaena) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Zizeeriina Stradomsky, 2016
Zizeeria Chapman, 1910
![AZ13-0321R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0321R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0321V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0321V_small.jpeg)
Z. knysna (Trimen, 1862) (Lycaena) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
ID by M Bippus
![AZ13-0388R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0388R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0388V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0388V_small.jpeg)
Z. spec.
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Family Hesperiidae Latreille, 1809
Subfamily Coeliadinae Evans, 1897
Coeliades Hübner, 1818
![AZ13-0385R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0385R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0385V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0385V_small.jpeg)
C. ramanatek (Boisduval, 1833) (Thymele) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Hesperiinae Latreille, 1809
Hesperiinae species incertae
![AZ13-0390R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0390R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0390V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0390V_small.jpeg)
spec.
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Superfamily Bombycoidea Latreille, 1802
Family Sphingidae Latreille, 1802
Subfamily Macroglossinae Harris, 1839
Tribe Macroglossini Harris, 1839
Subtribe Choerocampina Grote & Robinson, 1865
Hippotion Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0487R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0487R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0487V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0487V_small.jpeg)
H. osiris (Dalman, 1823) (Deilephila) → GBIF
♀ 75mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Superfamily Noctuoidea Latreille, 1809
Family Erebidae Leach, 1815
Subfamily Pangraptinae Grote, 1882
Episparis Walker, [1857]
![AZ13-0386R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0386R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0386V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0386V_small.jpeg)
E. vitrea (vitrea Saalmüller, 1891) (Zethes)
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Lymantriinae Hampson, 1893
Tribe Orgyiini Wallengren, 1861
Eudasychira Möschler, 1887
![AZ13-0393R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0393V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393V_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0393S1.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393S1_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0393S2.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393S2_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0393S3.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393S3_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0393S4.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0393S4_small.jpeg)
E. galactina (Mabille, 1880) (Arctia) → GBIF
♂ 38mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Calpinae Boisduval, 1840
Tribe Ophiderini Guenée, 1852
Eudocima Billberg, 1820
![AZ13-0317R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0317R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0317V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0317V_small.jpeg)
E. imperator (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) (Noctua) → GBIF
♂ 95mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0318R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0318R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0318V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0318V_small.jpeg)
E. cf. phalonia (Linnaeus, 1763) (Phalaena) → GBIF
♀ 90mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Erebinae Leach, [1815]
Cyligramma Boisduval, 1833
![AZ13-0316R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0316R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0316V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0316V_small.jpeg)
C. disturbans (Walker, 1858) (Nyctipao) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0472R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0472R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0472V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0472V_small.jpeg)
C. duplex Guenée, 1852 → GBIF
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0471R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0471R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0471V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0471V_small.jpeg)
C. joa Boisduval, 1833 → GBIF
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Bamra Moore, 1882
![AZ13-0383R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0383R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0383V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0383V_small.jpeg)
B. marmorifera (Walker, 1858) (Agriopis) → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Ophiusini Guenée, 1837
Ophiusa Ochsenheimer, 1816
![AZ13-0473R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0473R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0473V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0473V_small.jpeg)
O. tirhaca (Cramer, [1777]) (Noctua) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
ID by M Bippus
Tribe Hypopyrini Guenée, 1852
Hypopyra Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1852
![AZ13-0315R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0315R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0315V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0315V_small.jpeg)
H. malgassica Mabille, 1878 → GBIF
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Hulodini Guenée, 1852
Entomogramma Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1852
![AZ13-0475R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0475R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0475V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0475V_small.jpeg)
E. pardus Guenée, 1852 → GBIF
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Erebini Leach, [1815]
Erebus Latreille, 1810
![AZ13-0461R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0461R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0461V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0461V_small.jpeg)
E. walkeri (Butler, 1875) (Patula) → GBIF
♂
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0462R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0462R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0462V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0462V_small.jpeg)
E. walkeri (Butler, 1875) (Patula) → GBIF
♀
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Tribe Catephiini Guenée, 1854
Catephia Ochsenheimer, 1816
![AZ13-0474R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0474R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0474V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0474V_small.jpeg)
C. cf. amplificans (Walker, 1858) (Catophia) → GBIF
♂ 48mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subfamily Arctiinae Leach, [1815]
Tribe Arctiini Leach, 1815 → notes
Subtribe Spilosomina Kirby, 1892
Madagascarctia Dubatolov, 2006
![AZ13-0384R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0384V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384V_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0384S1.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384S1_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0384S2.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384S2_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0384S3.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384S3_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0384S4.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0384S4_small.jpeg)
M. ? cellularis (Toulgoët, 1954) (Diacrisia) → GBIF
♂ 48mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Callimorphina Walker, [1865]
Utetheisa Hübner, [1819]
![AZ13-0483R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0483R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0483V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0483V_small.jpeg)
U. e. elata (Fabricius, 1798) (Bombyx) → GBIF
♂ 42mm
Mahajamba Bay, Mahajanga
Lat: -15.13584, Lon: 47.07474 (5.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
Subtribe Nyctemerina Kirby, 1892
Chiromachla Strand, 1909
![AZ13-0394R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0394R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0394V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0394V_small.jpeg)
C. aff. leuconoe (Hopffer, 1858) (Nyctemera) → GBIF
♂ 43mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
![AZ13-0392R](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0392R_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0392V](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0392V_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0392S1.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0392S1_small.jpeg)
![AZ13-0392S2.jpeg](Collections\TheCollection\Thumbnails\AZ13-0392S2_small.jpeg)
C. pallescens (Oberthür, 1890) (Nyctemera) → GBIF
♀ 42mm
Andasibe, Toamasina, 900m
Lat: -18.92179, Lon: 48.41799 (3.0 km)
Madagascar, July 2013.
→ GBIF Link to taxon in Global Biodiversity Information Facility
→ [GBIF] Subspecies not found in GBIF. Link to species.